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Dietary Glycemic Load and Macronutrient Intake in Healthy Italian Children

Department of Pediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy, silvia.scaglioni{at}unimi.it

M. Sala, MD

Department of Pediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

G. Stival, MD

Department of Pediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

M. Giroli, BSc

C. Raimondil, MD

Department of Pediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

M. Salvioni, MD

Department of Pediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

G. Radaelli, PhD

Unit of Medical Statistics, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

C. Agostoni, MD

Department of Pediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

E. Riva, MD

Department of Pediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

M. Giovannini, MD

Department of Pediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

The objective is of this study is to examine the relationship of dietary glycemic load (GL) and overall glycemic index (OGI) with macronutrients intake, body mass index (BMI) and insulin sensitivity in healthy children. The subjects comprised of 105 healthy non-obese eight -years old children, 60 boys and 45 girls. A Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) evaluating dietary habits, GL and OGI. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA). GL was positively associated with dietary total (correlation coefficient, r=0.57) and starch (r=0.67) carbohydrates, daily consumption of pasta and white bread, cooked potatoes, bakery products and cookies, and negatively with dietary fats (r=-0.52). OGI was positively associated with daily consumption of white bread and cookies, and negatively associated with soluble carbohydrates (r=-0.35), and consumption of fibres, proteins, fruit, legumes and carrots. No significant association was found of GL or OGI with BMI or insulin sensitivity. In healthy children, GL and OGI may represent a useful indicator of quality of diet. Asia Pac J Public Health 2005; 17(2): 88-92.

Key Words: Carbohydrates • children • dietary habits • glycemic index • glycemic load • insulin sensitivity.

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