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Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health
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Prevalence of Anemia and Its Determinants Among Nonpregnant and Pregnant Women in India

Premananda Bharati, MSc, PhD

Biological Anthropology Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, pbharati{at}gmail.com

Suparna Som, MSc

Sociological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute

Suman Chakrabarty, MSc

Biological Anthropology Unit, Indian Statistical Institute

Susmita Bharati, MSc, PhD

Sociological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute

Manoranjan Pal, MSc, PhD

Economic Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India

This study investigates the severity and distribution of anemia among nonpregnant and pregnant women aged 15 to 49 years in urban and rural sectors of 26 states in India and its association with certain economic and biosocial factors. A national survey was conducted to collect data on hemoglobin, height, weight, and certain economic and biosocial factors of 72 660 nonpregnant and 5619 pregnant women. Nonpregnant women aged less than 25 years are most affected by anemia. Women's education and standard of living in the households have a vital role in reducing anemia. Urban and well-nourished women also suffer less from anemia. The severity of anemia is higher among pregnant than nonpregnant women. Efforts must be made to educate women and enhance their level of economic status so that the prevalence of anemia can be reduced substantially.

Key Words: anemia • BMI • economic and biosocial factors • hemoglobin • logistic regression • nonpregnant and pregnant women • states in India

Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health, Vol. 20, No. 4, 347-359 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/1010539508322762
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